Investigations

In-depth data-driven investigations into Indian policy, governance, and society.

geopolitics

India-Russia: The Enduring Partnership Tested by War and Realignment

India's oldest strategic partnership is navigating the Ukraine war, a dramatic surge in oil imports, Western sanctions pressure, and Russia's deepening embrace of China — all while defence dependency keeps the relationship anchored.

The Breakdown Editorial14 min90% evidence
geopolitics

India-UK Relations: Beyond Colonial History to a Modern Strategic Partnership

The India-UK relationship has reinvented itself through a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, FTA negotiations, and robust diaspora links — but difficult conversations on historical reparations, migration, and trade-offs persist.

The Breakdown Editorial13 min86% evidence
geopolitics

India and Europe: A Strategic Partnership Searching for Substance

As the EU seeks to diversify away from China and India looks West for technology and investment, the India-EU strategic partnership is gaining momentum — but trade negotiations, carbon policy, and differing worldviews on Russia remain obstacles.

The Breakdown Editorial14 min88% evidence
geopolitics

India-China: Two Asian Giants in an Era of Mistrust and Strategic Rivalry

From the Galwan Valley clash to a widening trade deficit and competition across the Indian Ocean, the India-China relationship has reached its most volatile point since the 1962 war.

The Breakdown Editorial17 min93% evidence
geopolitics

India-Indonesia: How Maritime Neighbours Are Reshaping the Indo-Pacific

India and Indonesia share 2,000 years of civilisational links and are now deepening a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership focused on maritime security, trade, and countering Chinese influence in Southeast Asia.

The Breakdown Editorial12 min87% evidence
geopolitics

India-US Relations: From Nuclear Deal to Critical Technology Partnership

The India-US strategic partnership has deepened across defence, technology, trade, and people-to-people ties over the past two decades, driven by shared concerns about China's rise and converging geopolitical interests.

The Breakdown Editorial16 min91% evidence
policy

Who Really Gets the EWS Quota? An Investigation into UPSC's 104 Selections

An investigation into all 104 candidates selected under the 10% EWS quota in Civil Services 2025 finds IIT graduates, private school alumni, and business family children — raising fundamental questions about targeting and due diligence.

The Breakdown Editorial12 min94% evidence
environment

E20 Backlash: India's Ethanol Push and the Consumer Revolt That Followed

India achieved 20% ethanol blending five years ahead of schedule, but motorists report mileage drops of up to 12%, the food-versus-fuel debate resurfaces, and a Supreme Court PIL challenges the rollout.

The Breakdown Editorial14 min89% evidence
politics

India's Foreign Policy at 80: From Non-Alignment to Multi-Alignment

As India celebrates 80 years of independence, its foreign policy has undergone a fundamental transformation — from Nehruvian idealism to pragmatic multi-alignment, balancing the US, China, Russia, and the Global South.

The Breakdown Editorial18 min90% evidence
economy

The Great Supply Chain Shift: Can India Capture the China+1 Opportunity?

As global companies diversify away from China, India has attracted $85 billion in FDI since 2023 — but infrastructure gaps and policy inconsistency threaten to squander the moment.

The Breakdown Editorial13 min90% evidence
politics

India-China at the Crossroads: Four Years After Galwan, the Border Remains the Flashpoint

Despite 20 rounds of military talks, India and China remain locked in the most intense border confrontation in five decades — with 60,000 troops deployed on each side and a broader strategic rivalry reshaping Asia.

The Breakdown Editorial17 min92% evidence
health

Anganwadi Centres: India's Frontline Nutrition Workers Are Burning Out

India's Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) runs 14 lakh anganwadi centres serving 10 crore beneficiaries, but frontline workers face wage delays, infrastructure gaps, and mounting workloads.

The Breakdown Editorial11 min84% evidence
economy

Income Inequality in India: The Top 1% Now Owns 40% of the Wealth

India's income inequality has reached levels not seen since the colonial era — the top 1% holds 40% of national wealth while the bottom 50% holds just 13%. An examination of the structural drivers behind India's Gini coefficient trajectory.

The Breakdown Editorial15 min94% evidence
economy

Digitizing PDS: How Technology Plugged the Leakage in India's Food Security Net

Aadhaar seeding and ePoS deployment have reduced leakage in India's Public Distribution System from 40% to under 10%, but coverage gaps persist.

The Breakdown Editorial10 min86% evidence
policy

India's Education Paradox: Rising Enrolment, Falling Learning — What Went Wrong?

While near-universal enrolment has been achieved at the primary level, India's education system faces a crisis of quality — half of Class 5 students cannot read a Class 2 textbook. An investigation into the systemic failures behind the learning poverty trap.

The Breakdown Editorial16 min93% evidence
environment

India's Groundwater Crisis: 62% of Districts Sound the Alarm

Groundwater depletion threatens India's food and water security as 62% of districts face critical or over-exploited groundwater levels, driven primarily by agricultural irrigation.

The Breakdown Editorial11 min88% evidence
politics

US-Iran Relations: From Maximum Pressure to Nuclear Negotiations

As the 2026 US-Iran nuclear talks enter a decisive phase, The Breakdown examines the decades-long trajectory of confrontation, diplomacy, and the geopolitical stakes for the Middle East and India.

The Breakdown Editorial14 min89% evidence
policy

Who Funded India's Democracy? Inside the Electoral Bond Data

From 2018 to 2024, India's electoral bonds scheme enabled ₹12,155 crore in anonymous political donations — 97% from corporations. When the Supreme Court struck down the scheme and ordered data disclosure, the revealed donor lists exposed a web of corporate-political relationships, shell companies, and contributions by firms under investigation.

The Breakdown Editorial18 min95% evidence
policy

Education Budget: Widening Gap Between Spending and Learning Outcomes

India's education budget has grown 40% in five years, but learning outcomes continue to decline — raising fundamental questions about expenditure efficiency.

The Breakdown Editorial9 min83% evidence
politics

Mission 360: Inside BJP's Push for a Two-Thirds Majority and the Battle Over India's Constitutional Future

After the shock defeat of the delimitation-cum-women's reservation bill on April 17, 2026, the BJP launched a high-stakes strategy to secure 360+ Lok Sabha seats — enough for a two-thirds majority — by engineering defections, targeting regional parties, and leveraging its historic Bengal win. The outcome will determine whether the government can reshape India's electoral map through constitutional reform.

The Breakdown Editorial16 min93% evidence
environment

India's ₹11 Lakh Crore Climate Finance Challenge

As India pursues its net zero 2070 target, a massive climate finance gap threatens to slow the renewable energy transition and adaptation efforts.

The Breakdown Editorial13 min87% evidence
technology

81.5 Crore Aadhaar Records Exposed: Inside India's Biggest Data Breach

In October 2023, a threat actor put 815 million Indian citizen records — names, Aadhaar numbers, passport details — up for sale at $80,000. The breach, believed to originate from ICMR's COVID-19 testing database, became India's largest data leak, testing the country's new data protection regime.

The Breakdown Editorial14 min94% evidence
economy

RBI Repo Rate: Decoding Monetary Policy in a Changing Economy

With the repo rate at 6.50% after 250 bps of cumulative hikes, India's monetary policy faces the challenge of balancing inflation control with growth support.

The Breakdown Editorial10 min91% evidence
policy

The Satluj Files: Censored, Released, Removed — The 48-Hour Life of India's Most Controversial Film

Diljit Dosanjh's biopic of human rights activist Jaswant Singh Khalra survived 127 CBFC cuts, three title changes, and a pulled TIFF premiere — only to be taken down by ZEE5 within 48 hours of release. An investigation into India's censorship machinery and the story it tried to bury.

The Breakdown Editorial15 min91% evidence
policy

Digital Personal Data Protection: India's Privacy Law Comes of Age

From the landmark right to privacy judgment to the 2026 amendments, India's journey toward comprehensive data protection legislation has been long and contentious.

The Breakdown Editorial11 min90% evidence
technology

India's ₹1.2 Lakh Crore Semiconductor Push: Can the Dream Take Silicon?

India's expanded semiconductor PLI scheme promises to cover the full value chain, but the Vedanta-Foxconn JV collapse and a growing talent gap raise questions about execution readiness.

The Breakdown Editorial14 min85% evidence
economy

MGNREGA Completes 20 Years: A Data-Driven Assessment of Rural Employment

Two decades of India's flagship rural employment guarantee scheme — what the data reveals about wage trends, participation, and economic impact across states.

The Breakdown Editorial12 min92% evidence
technology

Digital Payments in Rural India: UPI's Unseen Revolution

How UPI transformed rural financial inclusion, with transaction volumes growing 400% in three years.

The Breakdown Editorial8 min88% evidence
policy

PM Fasal Bima Yojana: The Claims That Never Reached Farmers

Investigation into delayed and unpaid crop insurance claims across six states.

The Breakdown Editorial15 min97% evidence